Wilbur Sweatman's musical career reads like the history of African-Americans in popular music. He got his professional start in a circus band, then moved on to minstrel shows and vaudeville. He led a successful syncopated orchestra based in Chicago early in the century and made the first recording of Scott Joplin's "Maple Leaf Rag" in 1903. In the years before World War I, Wilbur Sweatman lead a band at the Big Grand Theatre in Chicago (3110 State Street at 31st Street). He moved to New York in 1913 and was one of the first African-Americans to join ASCAP in 1917. After the success of Original Dixieland Jass Band, Sweatman jumped on the jazz bandwagon and released dozens of records in the Teens and 1920s the most famous being "Down Home Rag". Sweatman gets my vote for being the first African-American to record Jazz, but he is remembered less as a jazz musician and more as a great showman famous for playing at first two then three clarinets at once. Duke Ellington, Sonny Greer, Otto Hardwick, Cozy Cole and Coleman Hawkins all played in his orchestra early in their careers. In the 1930s Sweatman was active in music publishing and was the executor of Scott Joplin's estate. Unfortunately after Sweatman's death in 1961, Joplin's estate fell into disarray and many unpublished and original manuscripts were lost. In the 1940s he led a trio at Paddells Club in New York and continued to play live into the 1950s.