April 28
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April 28 is the 118th day of the year (119th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 247 days remaining.
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Events
- 1253 - Nichiren, a Japanese Buddhist monk, propounds Nam Myoho Renge Kyo for the first time and declares it to be the essence of Buddhism, in effect founding Nichiren Buddhism.
- 1788 - Maryland becomes the 7th state to ratify the Constitution of the United States.
- 1789 - Mutiny on the HMS Bounty. Captain William Bligh and 18 sailors are set adrift and the rebel crew sets sail for Pitcairn Island.
- 1796 - The Armistice of Cherasco is signed by Napoleon Bonaparte and Vittorio Amedeo III, the King of Sardinia, expanding French territory along the Mediterranean coast.
- 1862 - American Civil War: Admiral David Farragut captures New Orleans, Louisiana.
- 1920 - Azerbaijan is added to the Soviet Union.
- 1930 - The first night game in organized baseball history takes place in Independence, Kansas.
- 1932 - A vaccine for yellow fever is announced for use on humans.
- 1945 - Benito Mussolini and his mistress Clara Petacci are executed by members of the Italian resistance movement.
- 1947 - Thor Heyerdahl and five crewmates set out from Peru on the Kon-Tiki to prove that Peruvian natives could have settled Polynesia.
- 1952 - Dwight D. Eisenhower resigns as Supreme Commander of NATO in order to run for President of the United States.
- 1952 - Occupied Japan: The United States occupation of Japan ends.
- 1965 - United States troops land in the Dominican Republic to "forestall establishment of a Communist dictatorship" and to evacuate U.S. citizens.
- 1967 - Expo 67 opens in Montréal, Québec, Canada
- 1969 - Charles de Gaulle resigns as President of France.
- 1970 - Vietnam War: U.S. President Richard M. Nixon formally authorizes American combat troops to fight communist sanctuaries in Cambodia.
- 1977 - The Red Army Faction trial ends, with Andreas Baader, Gudrun Ensslin and Jan-Carl Raspe found guilty of four counts of murder and more than 30 counts of attempted murder.
- 1977 - The Budapest Treaty on the International Recognition of the Deposit of Microorganisms for the Purposes of Patent Procedure is signed.
- 1978 - President of Afghanistan Mohammed Daoud Khan is overthrown and assassinated in a coup led by pro-communist rebels.
- 1987 - U.S. engineer Ben Linder is killed in an ambush by US-funded Contras in northern Nicaragua.
- 1988 - Near Maui, Hawaii, a flight attendant is sucked out of Aloha Flight 243, a Boeing 737, and falls to her death when an upper part of the plane's cabin area rips off in mid-flight. Metal fatigue is later found to be the cause of the failure.
- 1990 - After 6,237 performances, the Broadway musical A Chorus Line closes.
- 1994 - Former Central Intelligence Agency official Aldrich Ames pleads guilty to giving U.S. secrets to the Soviet Union and later Russia.
- 1996 - Whitewater scandal: President Bill Clinton gives 4 1/2 hour videotaped testimony for the defense.
- 1996 - Port Arthur massacre: Martin Bryant kills 35 people and wounds another 18 in Tasmania, Australia.
- 1997 - The 1993 Chemical Weapons Convention goes into effect. Russia, Iraq and North Korea were notable nations who had not ratified the treaty.
- 2001 - Millionnaire Dennis Tito becomes the world's first space tourist.
- 2003 - Apple Computer's iTunes Music Store launches, selling 1 million songs in its first week.
- 2003 - Iraq, 15 unarmed teenagers were killed by american forces in front of a school during a demostration; marking the begining of the Falluja riots that took place during April 2003.
- 2005 - The Patent Law Treaty goes into effect.
- 2005 - Guild Wars released
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Births
- 1442 - King Edward IV of England (d. 1483)
- 1630 - Charles Cotton, English poet (d. 1687)
- 1686 - Michael Brokoff, Czech sculptor (d. 1721)
- 1715 - Franz Sparry, composer (d. 1767)
- 1758 - James Monroe, 5th President of the United States (d. 1831)
- 1819 - Ezra Abbot, American Bible scholar (d. 1884)
- 1838 - Tobias Michael Carel Asser, Dutch jurist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1913)
- 1874 - Karl Kraus, Austrian journalist and author (d. 1936)
- 1878 - Lionel Barrymore, American actor (d. 1954)
- 1886 - Ğabdulla Tuqay, Russian poet (d. 1913)
- 1889 - António de Oliveira Salazar, dictator of Portugal (d. 1970)
- 1900 - Jan Oort, Dutch astronomer (d. 1992)
- 1903 - Johan Borgen, Norwegian author (d. 1979)
- 1906 - Kurt Gödel, Austrian mathematician (d. 1978)
- 1906 - Paul Sacher, Swiss conductor (d. 1999)
- 1908 - Oskar Schindler, Austrian businessman (d. 1974)
- 1912 - Odette Sansom, French spy (d. 1995)
- 1916 - Ferruccio Lamborghini, Italian automobile manufacturer (d. 1993)
- 1921 - Rowland Evans, American journalist and commentator (d. 2001)
- 1924 - Kenneth Kaunda, President of Zambia
- 1926 - Harper Lee, American author
- 1928 - Yves Klein, French painter (d. 1962)
- 1928 - Eugene M. Shoemaker, American planetary scientist (d. 1997)
- 1930 - James Baker, American politician
- 1930 - Carolyn Jones, American actress (d. 1983)
- 1937 - Saddam Hussein, leader of Iraq
- 1938 - Madge Sinclair, Jamaican actress (d. 1995)
- 1941 - Ann-Margret, Swedish-born actress
- 1941 - K. Barry Sharpless, American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate
- 1943 - Jacques Dutronc, French singer and actor
- 1944 - Jean-Claude Van Cauwenberghe, Belgian politician
- 1948 - Terry Pratchett, English author
- 1948 - Marcia Strassman, American actress
- 1950 - Jay Leno, American comedian and television host
- 1952 - Mary McDonnell, American actress
- 1953 - Kim Gordon, American musician (Sonic Youth)
- 1955 - Paul Guilfoyle, American actor
- 1956 - Jimmy Barnes, Scottish-born singer
- 1958 - Hal Sutton, American golfer
- 1960 - John Cerutti, baseball player and announcer (d. 2004)
- 1966 - John Daly, American golfer
- 1966 - Too $hort, American rapper
- 1974 - Penélope Cruz, Spanish actress
- 1974 - Richel Hersisia, Dutch boxer
- 1979 - Jorge Garcia, American actor
- 1981 - Jessica Alba, American actress
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Deaths
- 1192 - Conrad of Montferrat, King of Jerusalem
- 1498 - Henry Percy, 4th Earl of Northumberland, English politician (killed in battle)
- 1533 - Nicholas West, English bishop and diplomat (b. 1461)
- 1695 - Henry Vaughan, Welsh poet (b. 1621)
- 1710 - Thomas Betterton, English actor
- 1726 - Thomas Pitt, British Governor of Madras (b. 1653)
- 1772 - Johann Friedrich Struensee, physician of Christian VII of Denmark (b. 1737)
- 1813 - Mikhail Illarionovich Kutuzov, Russian field marshal (b. 1745)
- 1816 - Johann Heinrich Abicht, German philosopher (b. 1862)
- 1841 - Peter Chanel, French saint (b. 1803)
- 1853 - Ludwig Tieck, German writer (b. 1773)
- 1858 - Johannes Peter Müller, German physiologist (b. 1801)
- 1905 - Fitzhugh Lee, American Confederate general (b. 1835)
- 1926 - Zip the Pinhead, American freak show performer (b. 1857)
- 1945 - Benito Mussolini, Italian fascist dictator (b. 1882)
- 1945 - Clara Petacci, Italian mistress of Benito Mussolini (shot) (b. 1912)
- 1945 - Roberto Farinacci, Italian fascist (b. 1892)
- 1954 - Léon Jouhaux, French labor leader, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1879)
- 1978 - Sardar Mohammed Daoud, President of Afghanistan (shot) (b. 1909)
- 1970 - Ed Begley, American actor (b. 1901)
- 1992 - Francis Bacon, Anglo-Irish painter (b. 1909)
- 1992 - Iceberg Slim, American writer (b. 1918)
- 1993 - Jim Valvano, American basketball coach (b. 1946)
- 1999 - Rory Calhoun, American actor (b. 1922)
- 1999 - Arthur Leonard Schawlow, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1921)
- 2000 - Penelope Fitzgerald, English writer (b. 1916)
- 2002 - Alexander Lebed, Russian general (b. 1950)
- 2002 - Lou Thesz, American wrestler (b. 1916)
- 2005 - Chris Candido, professional wrestler (b. 1972)
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Holidays and observances
- Roman Empire - first day of the Floralia in honor of Flora
- Bahá'í Faith - Feast of Jamál (Beauty) - First day of the third month of the Bahá'í Calendar
- World Day for Safety and Health at Work
- Feast day of the following saints in the Roman Catholic Church:
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External links
April 27 - April 29 - March 28 - May 28 – listing of all days
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