Dominican Order

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The Order of Preachers (Ordo Praedicatorum), more commonly known as the Dominican Order, is a Catholic religious order. In England and some other countries the Dominicans are referred to as Blackfriars on account of the black "cappa" or cloak they wear over their white habits, just as the Carmelites are known as "Whitefriars" for the same reason. Founded by Saint Dominic in the early 13th century, it is one of the great orders of mendicant friars that revolutionized religious life in Europe during the high middle ages. It is managed by the Master of the Order, currently the brother Carlos Azpiroz Costa.

Like his contemporary Francis of Assisi, Dominic saw the need for a new type of organization to address the needs of his time, and the quick growth of the Dominicans and Franciscans during their first century confirms that the orders of mendicant friars met a felt need.

Dominic sought to establish a new kind of order, one that would bring the dedication and systematic education of the older monastic orders like the Benedictines to bear on the religious problems of the burgeoning population of cities, but with more organizational flexibility than either monastic orders or the secular clergy. His new order was to be a preaching order, trained to preach in the vernacular languages but with a sound background in academic theology.

Dominic saw the need to establish a new kind of Order when travelling through the south of France. He had been asked to accompany his Bishop from Osma on a diplomatic mission to Denmark, to arrange the marriage between the son of king Alfonso VIII of Castile and a niece of king Valdemar II of Denmark. At that time the south of France was the stronghold of Albigensian thought, centered around the town of Albi.

This expression of Christianity held that matter was evil and only spirit was good, a fundamental challenge to the notion of incarnation, central to Christian theology. The Albegensians, more commonly known as the Cathars, lived very simply and saw themselves as more fervent followers of the poor Christ. Dominic saw the need for a response that would take the good elements in the Albigensian movement to sway them back to mainstream Christian thought. The mendicant preacher emerged from this insight. Unfortunately Dominic's ideal of winning the Albigensians over was not held by all office bearers and the population of Albi was decimated in the Albigensian crusade.

The organization of the Order of Preachers was approved in 1216 by Pope Honorius III.

The Dominicans were a major force in the development and maintenance of the Inquisition, then later of the Holy Office and the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith.

Four Dominican Cardinals have reached the Papacy: Innocent V, Benedict XI, Pius V and Benedict XIII.

Currently, in the College of Cardinals there are two Dominican Cardinals: Christoph Cardinal Schönborn, Archbishop of Wien (Vienna) and Georges Marie Martin Cardinal Cottier, Theologian of the Papal Household.

List of Dominicans

See also: Category:Dominicans

Important Dominicans include:


External links

Dominican Nuns

Dominican Sisters

Other

See also

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