March 18
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
March 18 is the 77th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (78th in leap years). There are 288 days remaining.
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Events
- 37 - The Roman Senate annuls Tiberius' will and proclaims Caligula emperor.
- 731 - Saint Gregory III begins his reign as a Catholic pope.
- 1229 - Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor declares himself King of Jerusalem during the Sixth Crusade.
- 1438 - Albert II of Habsburg becomes King of Germany.
- 1608 - Sissinios formally crowned Emperor of Ethiopia
- 1673 - John Berkeley, 1st Baron Berkeley of Stratton sells his part of New Jersey to some Friends (Quakers).
- 1766 - American Revolution: The British Parliament repeals the Stamp Act, which was very unpopular in the British colonies.
- 1850 - American Express is founded by Henry Wells & William Fargo.
- 1865 - American Civil War: The Congress of the Confederate States of America adjourns for the last time.
- 1871 - President of the French government Thiers orders evacuation of Paris, a socialist government rules the city.
- 1874 - Hawaii signs a treaty with the United States granting exclusive trading rights.
- 1909 - Einar Dessau uses a short-wave radio transmitter becoming the first to broadcast as a ham radio operator.
- 1913 - George I of Greece is assassinated.
- 1915 - World War I: Three battleships are sunk during a failed British & French naval attack on the Dardanelles.
- 1921 - The second Peace of Riga between Poland and Soviet Union. Despite the recent Polish successes, Soviets annex Ukraine and Belarus. Government of Ukraine emigrates to France. Famine kills millions of Russians.
- 1922 - In India, Mohandas Gandhi is sentenced to six years in prison for civil disobedience. He would serve only 2 years.
- 1925 - The Tri-State Tornado hits the Midwestern states of Missouri, Illinois, and Indiana, killing 695 people.
- 1937 - The New London School explosion kills three hundred, mostly children.
- 1937 - Spanish Civil War: Spanish Republican forces hand the Italian forces a grave defeat at the Battle of Guadalajara.
- 1938 - Mexico nationalizes all foreign-owned oil properties within its borders.
- 1940 - World War II: Axis Powers - Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini meet at Brenner Pass in the Alps and agree to form an alliance against France and the United Kingdom.
- 1945 - World War II: 1,250 American bombers attack Berlin.
- 1953 - An earthquake hits western Turkey killing 250.
- 1959 - American President Dwight D. Eisenhower signs a bill into law allowing for Hawaiian statehood, which would become official on August 21.
- 1961 - In Cannes, France, Jean-Claude Pascal wins the sixth Eurovision Song Contest for Luxembourg singing "Nous les amoureux" (We the lovers).
- 1962 - France and Algeria sign an agreement ending the Algerian War.
- 1962 - In Luxembourg, Isabelle Aubret wins the seventh Eurovision Song Contest for France singing "Un premier amour" (A first love).
- 1965 - Cosmonaut Aleksei Leonov, leaving his spacecraft Voskhod 2 for 12 minutes, becomes the first person to walk in space.
- 1968 - Gold standard: The U.S. Congress repeals the requirement for a gold reserve to back US currency.
- 1970 - Lon Nol ousts Prince Norodom Sihanouk of Cambodia.
- 1971 - A landslide at Chungar, Peru crashes into Lake Yanahuani killing 200.
- 1974 - Oil embargo crisis: Most OPEC nations end a five-month oil embargo against the United States, Europe and Japan.
- 1980 - On Plesetsk Cosmodrome in Russia 50 persons were killed at an explosion of a Vostok-2M rocket on its launch pad during a fueling operation.
- 1985 - The first episode of popular soap Neighbours airs on Australian TV.
- 1988 - Alasdair Crawford is born in Warrington, England.
- 1989 - In Egypt, a 4,400-year-old mummy is found in the Pyramid of Cheops.
- 1990 - 12 paintings, collectively worth $100 million, are stolen from the Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum in Boston, Massachusetts. This is the largest art theft in US history.
- 1992 - Microsoft ships Windows 3.1.
- 1997 - The tail of a Russian An-24 charter plane breaks off while en-route to Turkey causing the plane to crash and killing all 50 on board. This leads to the grounding of all An-24s.
- 2000 - 2000 Taiwanese presidential election: Chen Shui-bian is elected President of the Republic of China.
- 2005 - "The Screen Savers" TV show name was changed to Attack of the Show, ending an era of technological television.
- 2005 - The first ever Muslim Friday prayer, woman led mixed-gender congregation in New York City. This day marks a 1426 year Islamic tradition being broken.
- 2005 - Terri Schiavo's feeding tube is removed at the request of her husband, fueling a nationwide debate about her.
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Births
- 1395 - John Holland, 2nd Duke of Exeter, English military leader (d. 1447)
- 1555 - François, Duke of Anjou (d. 1584)
- 1590 - Manuel de Faria e Sousa, Portuguese historian and poet (d. 1649)
- 1603 - Simon Bradstreet, Massachusetts Bay colonist (d. 1693)
- 1634 - Marie-Madeleine Pioche de la Vergne, comtesse de la Fayette, French writer (d. 1693)
- 1640 - Philippe de la Hire, French mathematician and astronomer (d. 1719)
- 1657 - Giuseppe Ottavio Pitoni, Italian composer (d. 1743)
- 1679 - Matthew Decker, English merchant and writer (d. 1759)
- 1685 - Ralph Ersine, Scottish minister (d. 1752)
- 1690 - Christian Goldbach, Prussian mathematician (d. 1764)
- 1701 - Niclas Sahlgren, Swedish merchant and philanthropist (d. 1776)
- 1782 - John Calhoun, Vice President of the United States (d. 1850)
- 1813 - Christian Friedrich Hebbel, German writer (d. 1864)
- 1828 - William Randal Cremer, English politician and pacifist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1908)
- 1837 - Grover Cleveland, President of the United States (d. 1908)
- 1840 - William Cosmo Monkhouse, English poet and critic (d. 1901)
- 1842 - Stéphane Mallarmé, French poet (d. 1898)
- 1844 - Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov, Russian composer (d. 1908)
- 1858 - Rudolf Diesel, German inventor (d. 1913)
- 1869 - Neville Chamberlain, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1940)
- 1872 - Anna Held, Polish actress amd singer (d. 1918)
- 1877 - Edgar Cayce, American psychic (d. 1945)
- 1882 - Gian Francesco Malipiero, Italian composer (d. 1973)
- 1886 - Edward Everett Horton, American actor (d. 1970)
- 1898 - Jake Swirbul, American aircraft manufacturer (d. 1960)
- 1899 - Jean Goldkette, Greek-born jazz musician (d. 1962)
- 1904 - Srečko Kosovel, Slovenian poet (d. 1926)
- 1905 - Robert Donat, English actor (d. 1958)
- 1905 - Thomas Townsend Brown, American scientist (d. 1985)
- 1910 - Chiang Ching-kuo, President of the Republic of China (d. 1988)
- 1915 - Richard Condon, American novelist (d. 1996)
- 1918 - Al Benton, baseball player (d. 1968)
- 1918 - Bob Broeg, American sports writer (d. 2005)
- 1922 - Egon Bahr, German politician
- 1926 - Peter Graves, American actor
- 1927 - John Kander, American songwriter
- 1927 - George Plimpton, American writer and actor (d. 2003)
- 1928 - Julia Mullock, Princess of Korea
- 1928 - Fidel V. Ramos, President of the Philippines
- 1932 - John Updike, American author
- 1936 - Frederik Willem de Klerk, President of South Africa, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize
- 1937 - Mark Donohue, American race car driver (d. 1975)
- 1938 - Charley Pride, American musician
- 1941 - Wilson Pickett, American singer
- 1943 - Kevin Dobson, American actor
- 1949 - Alex Higgins, Irish snooker player
- 1950 - Brad Dourif, American actor
- 1951 - Bill Frisell, American jazz musician
- 1952 - Mike Webster, American football player (d. 2002)
- 1956 - Ingemar Stenmark, Swedish skier
- 1959 - Luc Besson, French producer, writer, and director
- 1959 - Irene Cara, American actress and singer
- 1960 - Richard Biggs, American actor (d. 2004)
- 1961 - Perry L. Mack, Canadian Entrepeneur
- 1962 - Thomas Ian Griffith, American actor
- 1963 - Vanessa Lynn Williams, American beauty queen, actress, and singer
- 1964 - Bonnie Blair, American speed skater
- 1964 - Courtney Pine, British jazz saxophonist
- 1964 - Rozalla, Zambian singer
- 1966 - Jerry Cantrell, American musician (Alice in Chains)
- 1969 - Vassily Ivanchuk, Ukrainian chess player
- 1970 - Queen Latifah, American singer and actress
- 1972 - Dane Cook, American comedian
- 1973 - Max Barry, Australian author
- 1973 - Jason Beam, American artist
- 1977 - Danny Murphy, English footballer
- 1979 - Adam Levine, American singer (Maroon 5)
- 1980 - Alexei Yagudin, Russian figure skater
- 1984 - Mark Eynon, I.T Student, Wales
- 1988 - Richard Foligno, I.T Student, Wales
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Deaths
- 978 - King Edward the Martyr of England
- 1227 - Pope Honorius III (b. 1148)
- 1583 - King Magnus of Livonia (b. 1540)
- 1584 - Tsar Ivan IV of Russia (b. 1530)
- 1675 - Arthur Chichester, 1st Earl of Donegall, Irish soldier (b. 1606)
- 1689 - John Dixwell, English judge (b. 1607)
- 1696 - Robert Charnock, English conspirator
- 1745 - Sir Robert Walpole, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1676)
- 1768 - Laurence Sterne, Irish writer (b. 1713)
- 1835 - Christian Gunther von Bernstorff, Danish and Prussian statesman and diplomat (b. 1769)
- 1871 - Augustus De Morgan, Indian-born British mathematician and logician (b. 1806)
- 1898 - Matilda Joslyn Gage, American suffragist (b. 1826)
- 1907 - Marcellin Berthelot, French chemist and politician (b. 1827)
- 1913 - King George I of Greece (b. 1845)
- 1947 - William C. Durant, American automobile pioneer (b. 1861)
- 1962 - Walter W. Bacon, Governor of Delaware (b. 1880)
- 1964 - Sigfrid Edström, Swedish sports official (b. 1870)
- 1965 - King Farouk I of Egypt (b. 1920)
- 1977 - Marien Ngouabi, President of the Republic of the Congo (b. 1938)
- 1978 - Leigh Brackett, American author (b. 1915)
- 1986 - Bernard Malamud, American writer (b. 1914)
- 1990 - Robin Harris, American actor and comedian (b. 1953)
- 1996 - Odysseus Elytis, Greek writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1911)
- 1999 - Adolfo Bioy Casares, Argentinian writer (b. 1914)
- 2001 - John Phillips, American musician (The Mamas and the Papas) (b. 1935)
- 2002 - R.A. Lafferty, American science fiction writer (b. 1914)
- 2003 - Karl Kling, German race car driver (b. 1910)
- 2003 - Adam Osborne, British computer pioneer (b. 1939)
- 2004 - Harrison McCain, Canadian businessman (b. 1927)
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Holidays and observances
- Aruba - Flag Day (1976)
- Ancient Latvia - Bindus Diena
- United States - National Biodiesel Day
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External links
March 17 - March 19 - February 18 - April 18 -- listing of all days
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