March 14

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

March 14 is the 73rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (74th in Leap years) with 292 days remaining in the year.

March 14, written 3-14 in the USA date format, is also an unofficial celebration for Pi Day derived from the common three-digit approximation for the number π: 3.14. It is usually celebrated at 1:59 PM (in recognition of the six-digit approximation: 3.14159). Some, using a twenty-four-hour clock rather than a twelve hour clock, say that 1:59 PM is actually 13:59 and celebrate it at 1:59 AM or 3:09 PM (15:09) instead. Parties have been held by mathematics departments of various schools around the world.

1 Events
2 Births
3 Deaths
4 Holidays and observances
5 Other notes
6 External links

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Events

1489 - The Queen of Cyprus, Catherine Cornaro, sells her kingdom to Venice.
1492 - Queen Isabella of Castille orders her 150,000 Jewish subjects to convert to Christianity or face expulsion.
1590 - Battle of Ivry: Henry of Navarre and the Huguenots defeat the forces of the Catholic League under the Duc de Mayenne during the French Wars of Religion.
1647 - Thirty Years War: Bavaria, Cologne, France and Sweden sign the Truce of Ulm.
1757 - On-board the HMS Monarch, Admiral John Byng is executed by firing squad for neglecting his duty.
1794 - Eli Whitney is granted a patent for the cotton gin.
1800 - Cardinal Barnaba Chiaramonti is elected Pope Pius VII
1869 - Defeat of Titokowaru.
1900 - The Gold Standard Act is ratified, placing United States currency on the gold standard.
1903 - The Hay-Herran Treaty, granting the United States the right to build the Panama Canal, is ratified by the United States Senate. The Columbian Senate would later reject the treaty.
1903 - Theodore Roosevelt issues an executive order making Pelican Island, in Florida, a “preserve and breeding ground for native birds,” marking the birth of the National Wildlife Refuge System.
1915 - World War I: Cornered off the coast of Chile by the Royal Navy after fleeing the disastrous Battle of the Falkland Islands, the German light cruiser SMS Dresden is abandoned and scuttled by her crew.
1923 - Pete Parker does the first-ever complete radio broadcast of a hockey game in the world, in Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada.
1939 - German troops fully occupy the Czechoslovak provinces of Bohemia and Moravia.
1951 - Korean War: For the second time, United Nations troops recapture Seoul.
1959 - J.R.D.A.C.I. founded at a congress in Treichville, Côte d'Ivoire.
1964 - A jury in Dallas, Texas finds Jack Ruby guilty of killing John F. Kennedy assassin Lee Harvey Oswald.
1966 - Phillip Stephen Oakland (Budd); born known for his work as Seafront Manager for the people of Eastbourne.
1967 - The body of President John F. Kennedy is moved to a permanent burial place at Arlington National Cemetery.
1978 - The Israeli Defense Force, in retaliation for a terrorist attack three days earlier, invades and occupies southern Lebanon, under codename Operation Litani, resulting in the evacuation of at least 100,000 Lebanese, approximately 2,000 deaths, as well as the creation of United Nations Interim Forces In Lebanon (UNIFIL).
1979 - In China, a Hawker-Siddeley Trident crashes into a factory near Beijing, killing at least 200.
1980 - In Poland, a plane crashes during an emergency landing near Warsaw, killing a 14-man American boxing team and 73 others.
1984 - Gerry Adams, head of Sinn Féin, is seriously wounded in an assassination attempt in central Belfast.
1989 - Gun control: President George H. W. Bush bans the importation of assault rifles into the United States.
1991 - After 16 years in prison for allegedly bombing a pub in an Irish Republican Army attack, the "Birmingham Six" are freed when a court determines that the police fabricated evidence.
1994 - Timeline of Linux development: Linux kernel version 1.0.0 is released.
1995 - Manned space mission: Astronaut Norman Thagard becomes the first American astronaut to ride to space on-board a Russian launch vehicle.
1996 - American President Bill Clinton commits $100 million to an anti-terrorism agreement with Israel to track down and root out terrorists.
1997 - The Chinese city of Chongqing (formerly Chunking) is upgraded to a centrally administered municipality
1998 - An earthquake measuring 6.9 on the Richter scale hits southeastern Iran.
2004 - Pope John Paul II becomes the second-longest serving pope in history.
2004 - Vladimir Putin is re-elected president of Russia, while the PSOE wins elections in Spain just days after terrorist attacks in Madrid.
2005 - The online statistics service SOTKAnet is opened for the public in Finland.
2005 - Mass Protest against Syrian influence in Lebanon takes place in Beirut.

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Births

1638 - Johann Georg Gichtel, German mystic (d. 1710)
1681 - Georg Philipp Telemann, German composer (d. 1767)
1804 - Johann Strauß, Sr., Austrian composer (d. 1849)
1813 - Joseph Philo Bradley, Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court (d. 1892)
1823 - Théodore de Banville, French writer (d. 1891)
1835 - Giovanni Schiaparelli, Italian astronomer (d. 1910)
1844 - King Umberto I of Italy (d. 1900)
1853 - Ferdinand Hodler, Swiss painter (d. 1918)
1854 - Paul Ehrlich, physician, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1915)
1869 - Algernon Blackwood, British writer (d. 1951)
1879 - Albert Einstein, German-born Jewish physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1955)
1882 - Waclaw Sierpinski, Polish mathematician (d. 1969)
1885 - Raoul Lufbery, American World War I pilot (d. 1918)
1887 - Sylvia Beach, American expatriate publisher (d. 1962)
1903 - Mustafa Barzani, Kurdish politician (d. 1979)
1912 - Les Brown, American band leader (d. 2001)
1914 - Bill Owen, British actor (d. 1999)
1914 - Lee Petty, American race car driver (d. 2000)
1915 - Alexander Brott, Canadian conductor and composer (d. 2005)
1916 - Horton Foote, American writer
1920 - Hank Ketcham, American cartoonist (d. 2001)
1923 - Diane Arbus, American photographer (d. 1971)
1925 - Francis A. Marzen, American Catholic prelate
1928 - Frank Borman, astronaut and airline executive
1933 - Michael Caine, British actor
1933 - Quincy Jones, American music producer and composer
1934 - Eugene Cernan, astronaut
1938 - Angus Maclise, American mystic, shaman, musician, and composer (d. 1979)
1941 - Wolfgang Petersen, German director
1945 - Jasper Carrott, British comedian
1946 - Steve Kanaly, American actor
1947 - Billy Crystal, American actor and comedian
1947 - Pam Ayres, British poet
1950 - Rick Dees, American disc jockey
1956 - Jonathan Bowen, British computer scientist
1957 - Andrew Robinson, British editor and author
1958 - Albert II, Prince of Monaco
1961 - Kirby Puckett, baseball player
1961 - Penny Johnson Jerald, American actress
1963 - Bruce Reid, Australian cricketer
1965 - Aamir Khan, Indian actor
1965 - Kevin Brown, baseball player
1965 - Kevin Williamson, American screenwriter
1966 - Phillip Oakland, Seafront Manager for Eastbourne
1976 - Catherine Dent, American actress
1976 - Merlin Santana, American actor (d. 2002)
1977 - Mervyn Colley, British kabbalist and ceremonial magician
1978 - Pieter van den Hoogenband, Dutch swimmer
1979 - Chris Klein, American actor
1981 - Mei-Ting Sun, Chinese-born pianist
1983 - Bakhtiyar Artayev, Kazakh boxer
1983 - Taylor Hanson, American musician (Hanson)
1986 - Jamie Bell, British actor
1986 - Kristin "Kiki" Kelley, IT girl
1990 - Patrick "CaptainMurph" Murphy, the most sicknasty irish man ever

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Deaths

752 - Pope Zacharias
1457 - Jingtai Emperor of China (b. 1428)
1471 - Sir Thomas Malory, English author
1647 - Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange (b. 1584)
1648 - Ferdinando Fairfax, 2nd Lord Fairfax of Cameron, English general (b. 1584)
1680 - René Le Bossu, French critic (b. 1631)
1682 - Jacob Isaakszoon van Ruysdael, Dutch painter
1696 - Jean Domat, French jurist (b. 1625)
1698 - Claes Rålamb, Swedish statesman (b. 1622)
1748 - George Wade, British military leader (b. 1673)
1757 - John Byng, British admiral (executed) (b. 1704)
1803 - Friedrich Gottlieb Klopstock, German writer (b. 1724)
1823 - Charles François Dumouriez, French general (b. 1739)
1883 - Karl Marx, German political theorist (b. 1818)
1884 - Quintino Sella, Italian statesman (b. 1827)
1932 - George Eastman, American inventor (b. 1854)
1973 - Rafael Godoy, Colombian composer (b. 1907)
1973 - Chic Young, American cartoonist (b. 1901)
1975 - Susan Hayward, American actress (b. 1917)
1976 - Busby Berkeley, American choreographer and director (b. 1895)
1977 - Fannie Lou Hamer, American civil rights activist (b. 1917)
1989 - Edward Abbey, American author (b. 1927)
1991 - Howard Ashman, American lyricist (b. 1950)
1991 - Doc Pomus, American composer (b. 1925)
1995 - William Alfred Fowler, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1911)
1997 - Fred Zinnemann, Austrian-born director (b. 1907)
2002 - Hans-Georg Gadamer, German philosopher
2002 - Cherry Wilder, New Zealand-born author (b. 1930)
2003 - Jack Goldstein, Canadian-born artist (b. 1945)
2003 - Jean-Luc Lagardère, French publisher (b. 1928)

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Holidays and observances

Commonwealth Day (2005, second Monday in March)
Japan - White Day: Japanese holiday similar to Valentines Day (men give gifts to women, as opposed to Valentine's Day, when women give gifts to men).
Pi Day - unofficial holiday
Roman Empire - Equirria, horse races in honor of Mars were held.