Toledo, Ohio
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
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City nickname: "The Glass City" | |||||
Location | |||||
Location in the state of Ohio |
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Government | |||||
County | Lucas | ||||
Mayor | Jack Ford (D) | ||||
Physical characteristics | |||||
Area Land Water |
217.8 km² 208.8 km² 8.9 km² |
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Population Total (2002) Density |
659,188 (metropolitan area) 309,106 (city proper) 1,502/km² |
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Latitude | 41°39'56" N | ||||
Longitude | 83°34'31" W | ||||
Time zone Summer (DST) |
EST (UTC−5) EDT (UTC−4) |
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Official website: www.ci.toledo.oh.us | |||||
This article is about the city in the state of Ohio, United States, which is the most populous of the cities named Toledo. For the oldest of the cities named Toledo, see Toledo, Spain. For other uses, see Toledo (disambiguation).
Toledo is a city in Lucas County on the northern border of Ohio and the western end of Lake Erie. It is the county seat6 of Lucas County, and the principal city in the Toledo Metropolitan Statistical Area. In the 2000 census, the city proper had a population of 313,619. However, an estimate in 2002 gives the city a reduced population of 309,106. Toledo is known as the Glass City because of its long history of innovation in all aspects of the glass industry: windows, bottles, windshields, and construction materials. The Jeep vehicle has been manufactured in Toledo since 1941.
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History
Toledo was founded in 1833, when the neighboring, and competing towns of Port Lawrence and Vistula agreed to set aside their differences and unite to take advantage of a proposed canal to bypass rapids on the Maumee.
On January 15, 1936 the first building to be completely covered in glass was completed in Toledo. It was a building for the Owens-Illinois Glass Company and marked a milestone in architectural design that eventually led to the International style of architecture.
Toledo War
Main article: Toledo War
A skirmish between Ohio and Michigan, called the Toledo War (1835-1836), was once fought over a badly-surveyed strip of land containing the city. Militias from both states were sent but never engaged. The only casualty of the Toledo War was Michigan sheriff Joseph Wood, who was stabbed in the thigh by Two Stickney, the youngest son of Major Stickney in the Ohio militia, as he, his father, and his older brother One Stickney were being taken to jail (see also Toledo Strip).
Toledo Riot
Main article: 2005 Toledo Riot
On Saturday, October 15, 2005, visiting members of a National Socialist/Neo-Nazi group planned to rally and march in Toledo to protest what the group claimed was the mistreatment of whites by black gangs. As approximately two dozen neo-Nazis taunted protesters with racial epithets in a North Toledo neighborhood, protestors began throwing rocks at police and the Nazis. The neo-Nazis were escorted out safely as the mob began to riot by overturning a car, throwing rocks at a police car, looting storefronts in the area and also looting then setting ablaze a bar. The neo-Nazi group, members and supporters of the National Socialist Movement (NSM), left the city. Mayor Jack Ford, who had tried to neutralize the Nazi rally by calling the date a "Day of Peace," condemned the riots as "just what the Nazis wanted" and set an 8 PM curfew and declared a state of emergency. As of Sunday, October 16, at least 114 protestors were arrested.[1]
Geography
Toledo is located at 41°39'56" North, 83°34'31" West (41.665682, -83.575337)1. The city sits astride the Maumee River at the southern end of Maumee Bay, which is the westernmost inlet of Lake Erie. Toledo is north of what was formerly the Great Black Swamp, giving rise to another nickname, Frog Town. An important ecological site, a sandy oak savanna called the Oak Openings region, lies just west.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 217.8 km² (84.1 mi²). 208.8 km² (80.6 mi²) of it is land and 8.9 km² (3.5 mi²) of it is water. The total area is 4.10% water.
Demographics
As of the census2 of 2000, there are 313,619 people, 128,925 households, and 77,355 families residing in the city. The population density is 1,502.0/km² (3,890.0/mi²). There are 139,871 housing units at an average density of 669.9/km² (1,734.9/mi²). The racial makeup of the city is 70.23% White, 23.55% African American, 0.31% Native American, 1.03% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 2.28% from other races, and 2.57% from two or more races. 5.47% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race.
There are 128,925 households out of which 29.8% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 38.2% are married couples living together, 17.2% have a female householder with no husband present, and 40.0% are non-families. 32.8% of all households are made up of individuals and 11.0% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 2.38 and the average family size is 3.04.
In the city the population is spread out with 26.2% under the age of 18, 11.0% from 18 to 24, 29.8% from 25 to 44, 19.8% from 45 to 64, and 13.1% who are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 33 years. For every 100 females there are 91.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 87.7 males.
The median income for a household in the city is $32,546, and the median income for a family is $41,175. Males have a median income of $35,407 versus $25,023 for females. The per capita income for the city is $17,388. 17.9% of the population and 14.2% of families are below the poverty line. Out of the total population, 25.9% of those under the age of 18 and 10.4% of those 65 and older are living below the poverty line.
Economy
Toledo is best known for manufacturing, although this industry has declined considerably in past decades. The Big Three automakers all have factories in metro Toledo. The city is home to 3 Fortune 500 companies: Dana Corporation, Owens Corning, and Owens Illnois. Owens Illnois has recently announced plans to relocate to suburban Perrysburg. HCR Manor Care is an up and coming Fortune 1000 company headquarted in Toledo. Though the largest employer in Toledo was Jeep for much of the 20th century, this honor has recently gone to the University of Toledo. Manufacturing as a whole now employs fewer Toledoans than does the healthcare industry, now the city's biggest employer.
Toledo is the market city for the northwest Ohio, a region of 9 counties and a population in excess of 1 million. As such there is a high concentration of retail establishments and medical facilities in Toledo. Toledo's location at the intersection of I-80/I-90 and I-75 (i.e. "The Crossroads of America") has made it a popular hub location for transportation companies such as UPS and BAX Global. Toledo is also the nation's 3rd busiest rail hub, and one of the busiest ports on the Great Lakes.
Education
These higher education institutions operate campuses within the city of Toledo:
- University of Toledo
- Medical University of Ohio (formerly the Medical College of Ohio)
- Mercy College of Northwest Ohio
- Owens Community College
Nearby are the following other higher education institutions:
- Adrian College, in Adrian, Michigan.
- Bowling Green State University, in Bowling Green and Huron, Ohio.
- Heidelberg College, in Tiffin, Ohio.
- Lourdes College, in Sylvania, Ohio.
Media
Main article: List of Toledo, Ohio media outlets
The following are media outlets located in the city of Toledo. Also serving the city are a number of other radio and television stations, and newspapers located outside the city limits, including many such media outlets in the Detroit, Michigan area. Some of these newspapers and broadcasting stations are listed below, with the city of publication or license noted when outside Toledo.
Newspapers
The Toledo Blade is the primary newspaper in Toledo. The city's alternative weekly is the Toledo City Paper. In 2005, the weekly publication Toledo Free Press began publication. Other alternative weeklies include La Prensa, Sojourner's Truth, and the Toledo Journal.
Television stations
- 11 WTOL - CBS
- 13 WTVG - ABC
- 24 WNWO - NBC
- 27 WBGU-TV - PBS (in Bowling Green, Ohio)
- 30 WGTE - PBS
- 36 WUPW - Fox
- 40 WLMB - i (formerly known as PAX)
- 48 WNGT - UPN
Radio stations
AM
- 1230 WCWA - sports/talk
- 1370 WSPD - news/talk
- 1470 WLQR - sports
- 1520 WDMN - religious
- 1560 WTOD - talk
FM
- 88.3 WXTS-FM - college/alternative
- 90.3 WOTL - religious
- 91.3 WGTE-FM - classical
- 92.5 WVKS - (KISS-FM) CHR/top 40
- 93.5 WRQN - oldies (licensed to Bowling Green, Ohio)
- 94.5 WXKR - (XKR) classic rock (licensed to Port Clinton, Ohio)
- 95.7 WIMX - (Mix 95.7) Urban Adult Contemporary Gibsonburg, Ohio
- 98.3 Tower 98 - pop/hip-hop (licensed to Luna Pier, Michigan)
- 99.9 WKKO - (K100) country
- 101.5 WRVF - (The River) soft AC
- 104.7 WIOT - rock
- 105.5 WWWM (Star 105) - variety (licensed to Sylvania, Ohio)
- 106.5 WRWK - (The Zone) alternative
- 107.3 WJUC - (The Juice) r&b/hip-hop (licensed to Swanton, Ohio)
Sites of interest
- The Toledo Museum of Art is an internationally-acclaimed museum with a modest, but very complete collection housed in a Greek revival building.
- The Toledo Zoo - consistently rated as one of the nation's ten best - was the first zoo to feature a hippoquarium-style exhibit.
- The R. A. Stranahan Arboretum is a 47-acre arboretum maintained by the University of Toledo.
- The Old West End is an historic neighborhood of Victorian houses recognized by the National Register of Historic Places.
- The world famous Tony Packo's Cafe is located in the Hungarian neighborhood on the east side of Toledo.
- The Maumee River Crossing is being constructed over the Maumee River on Interstate 280, just north-east of downtown Toledo. This 400 foot tall bridge, when completed, will add a distinctive feature to Toledo's skyline.
- The Anthony Wayne Suspension Bridge, a 3215 foot suspension bridge crossing the Maumee River
- The COSI science museum on the Maumee River in downtown toledo.
Sports
The University of Toledo fields teams in several intercollegiate sports, many of which enjoy loyal followings by Toledo sports fans. The Toledo Rockets football team plays at the Glass Bowl, while the basketball teams compete at Savage Hall.
The Toledo Mud Hens, a minor league baseball AAA team, play at Fifth Third Field. The Mud Hens are one of minor league baseball's oldest teams in continuous operation, having first played in 1896. Fifth Third Field, however, is a new stadium, having been completed in 2002. In 2005, the Mud Hens won the International League Governor's Cup Championship by beating the Indianapolis Indians. Fifth Third Field also made record-breaking attendance with over 590,000 fans, the most in Mud Hen's history.
The Toledo Sports Arena is home to the Toledo Storm of the East Coast Hockey League, and has also hosted many other sporting events. Inverness Club is a famous golf club and course frequently featured on the tours of the Professional Golfers' Association of America (as well as the PGA Tour and LPGA).
The Seagate Convention Centre is home to the Toledo Ice of the ABA Basketball League, who have their first season in Toledo starting in November, 2005.
Famous residents
See also: List of mayors of Toledo, Ohio
Famous Toledoans include:
- Anita Baker
- Teresa Brewer (singer)
- Joe E Brown
- Daws Butler
- John Cromwell (director)
- Don Donoher
- Jamie Farr (his character, Klinger, in M*A*S*H was also from Toledo and had a fanatical devotion to the city)
- Martin Frankel
- Philip Baker Hall
- Jim Harbaugh
- Jon Hendricks (from the jazz group Lambert, Hendricks, & Ross)
- Arthur Hills (golf course designer)
- Katie Holmes
- Jim Jackson (basketball player)
- Chester "Lyfe" Jennings
- Gene Kranz
- P. J. O'Rourke
- Kelvin Ransey
- Tom Scholz
- Scott Shriner
- Gloria Steinem
- Alyson Stoner (dancer, actress)
- Art Tatum
- Danny Thomas
External links
- City of Toledo
- Greater Toledo Convention and Visitors Bureau
- Toledo Museum of Art
- The Toledo Zoo
- Tony Packo's Cafe Website
- Toledo Explorer
- Clamor Magazine article on the North Toledo riot on October 15, 2005
- Maps and aerial photos
- Street map from Google Local or Yahoo! Maps
- Topographic map from TopoZone
- Aerial image or topographic map from TerraServer-USA
- Satellite image from Google Local or Microsoft Virtual Earth